How Much Did Early Christians Refer to the Apocrypha and Other Books? – July 2016 version

 

Note that Ecclesiasticus, Sirach and “Wisdom of Jesus the son of Sirach” are three names for the same book.

Rows: red = persecution of Christians, green = heresy, orange = schism, blue = Bible manuscripts, pink = strange teacher, brown = Christians persecuting others

W = Books and quotes mentioned by name or by writer     G = Quoted as God or Lord says or God’s Word               I = Implied blank = not researched yet  m = mixed   X = rejected    - no reference found

S = Referred to as scripture, gospel, or by apostle(s)        E =not scripture but good to read                              Q = quotes 1 or more verses       ½  = quote of ½ verse   A = Allusion

Writer

Pages

Date A.D.

Tobit

Ju-dith

Wis-dom

Ecclus

Baruch

Bel

Susan

3 Holy

Manas

3 Esdra

4 Esdr

1 Mac

2 Mac

3 Mac

4 Mac

Add Esth

Ps 151

Ps 152-3

Ps 154-5

1 En och

Sibyl

Positive mention of other books

Writer

Dead Sea Scrolls

 

before 68 A.D.

Q

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Q

-

Q

Q

-

Jubilees, Epistle of Jeremiah

Dead Sea Scrolls

Jews in Palestine. Jamnia

 

70-90 C.E.

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

-

-

-

X

X

X

Jews in Palestine. Council of Jamnia 70 C.E.

Hellenistic Jews

 

c.400 B.C.-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

m

m

m

m

m

-

Others

Hellenistic Jews

Nero and Domitian persecute Christians

 

50 and 95/96

Est. 500K Christians. Christians were labeled atheists and publicly tortured and killed for refusing to worship the emperor and pagan idols.

Nero and Domitian persecute Christians

Clement of Rome (wrote 1 Clement)

16 ¼

96-98

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Clement of Rome (wrote 1 Clement)

Papias of Hierapolis, disciple of John

2

95-110

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Papias of Hierapolis, disciple of John

“Presbyters” (Papias?)

½

95-117

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“Presbyters” (Papias?)

Ignatius disciple of John (shortest version)

13

c.100-117

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ignatius disciple of John (shortest version)

Trajan persecutes Christians

 

107-117

Answered Pliny the Younger’s letter. Christians are not to be sought after, but only killed if found.

Trajan persecutes Christians

Didache (=Teaching of the Twelve Apostles)

4 ¾

before 125

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Didache (=Teaching of the Twelve Apostles)

Apology of Aristides (Greek version)

4

125 or138-161

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Apology of Aristides (Greek version)

Quadratus of Athens fragment (apologist)

1/8

126

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Quadratus of Athens fragment (apologist)

Letter to Diognetus (=Mathetes to Diognetus)

5 ¼

130-150

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Letter to Diognetus (=Mathetes to Diognetus)

Hadrian persecutes Christians

 

118 & 134

Hadrian loved Greek culture, and he persecuted both Jews and Christians. The Jewish Bar Cochba revolt happened under him.

Hadrian persecutes Christians

Letter of Barnabas

12 ½

100-150

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Letter of Barnabas

2 Clement (anonymous writer)

5 ¾

c.150

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2 Clement (anonymous writer)

Polycarp, disciple of John, to the Philippians

3 ½

100-155

½

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Polycarp to the Philippians

Bar Cochba persecutes Christians

 

135

Christians persecuted in Israel because Christians would not join Bar Cochba’s revolt.

Bar Cochba persecutes Christians

Total Apostolic Fathers – until 155 A.D.

67.7

-155

1

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Total Apostolic Fathers – until 155 A.D.

Shepherd of Hermas

46 ½

c.160

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Eldad and Modat/Modad

Shepherd of Hermas

Justin Martyr of Neocaesarea, Samaritan philosopher and apologist

137

c.138-165

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

E

Gk philosophers Philemon, Plato’s Timeaeus, Acts of Pontius Pilate

Justin Martyr of Neocaesarea, Samaritan philosopher and apologist

Evarestus’ Martyrdom of Polycarp

5

c.169

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Evarestus’ Martyrdom of Polycarp

Gnostic heresies become widespread

 

c.170-

Gnostics all believed the Creator was evil or foolish. Rejecting the Old Testament, they mixed Greek paganism and Christianity.

many

Gnostic heresies become widespread

Tatian, pupil of Justin, later Encratite Gnostic

18+86

Died 172

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Tatian, pupil of Justin, later Encratite Gnostic

Dionysius of Corinth (wrote against Marcion)

1/3

170

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Dionysius of Corinth

Persecution of Marcus Aurelius

 

162/166-180

Aurelius was a Stoic philosopher. Persecution, mainly in Gaul, ended with his death.

Persecution of Marcus Aurelius

Christians of Vienna and Lugdunum (Lyons)

6 ½

177

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Christians of Vienna and Lugdunum (Lyons)

Athenagoras (apologist)

33 ½

177

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Q

Some truths in Hesiod, Plato, Callimachus, Pindar, Socrates

Athenagoras (apologist)

Claudius Apollinaris of Hierapolis

½

177, 160-180

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Claudius Apollinaris of Hierapolis

Hegesippus (chronicler)

2 ½

170-180

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hegesippus

Melito/Meleto of Sardis (Quartodecimian)

11

170-177/180

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

W

X

X

X

X

-

-

-

-

X

E

-

Melito/Meleto of Sardis (Quartodecimian)

Rhodon (against Marcion and Apelles)

½

180

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Rhodon (against Marcion and Apelles)

Theophilus of Antioch (to Autolycus)

32

168-181/188

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

E

-

Theophilus of Antioch (to Autolycus)

Ebionites & Clementina -OT Law, Father, Son

265 ½

-188 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ebionites & Clementina -OT,Law, Father, Son

Irenaeus of Lyons, disciple of Polycarp

284 ¾

182-188

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Irenaeus of Lyons, disciple of Polycarp

Passion of the Scillitan Martyrs  (died 180 A.D.)

¾

180-202

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Passion of the Scillitan Martyrs  (died 180 A.D.)

Maximus of Jerusalem (wrote on origin of evil)

5

185-196

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Maximus of Jerusalem (wrote on origin of evil)

Polycrates of Ephesus (Quartodecimian)

½

196

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Polycrates of Ephesus (Quartodecimian)

Caius and the Muratorian Canon

3

190-217

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Caius and the Muratorian Canon

Sabellian heresy (Praxeas, Noetus, Callistus)

 

200-257-

Sabellians believed the Father, Son, and Spirit were one person. They were also called Patripassians for “passion of the Father”.

 

Sabellian heresy (Praxeas, Noetus, Callistus)

Persecution of Septimus Severus

 

202

Est. 2M Christians. Although a Christian helped him in an illness, he did not repeal existing laws against Christians. Persecution in Syria, Egypt

Persecution of Septimus Severus

Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas

7

c.201/205

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas

Romans kill first known martyrs in Britain

 

209

Alban, Julius, and Aaron were formerly thought killed in 304/5 A.D.

Romans kill first known martyrs in Britain

Serapion of Antioch (against Marcion)

1/3

200-210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Serapion of Antioch (against Marcion)

Minucius Felix (The Octavius)

25

210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Minucius Felix (The Octavius)

Apollonius of Ephesus (against Montanists)

1

c.210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Apollonius of Ephesus (against Montanists)

Clement of Alexandria

424

193-217/220

W

W

Q

-

Q

-

W

-

-

-

-

½ W

½ W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

E

-

Clement of Alexandria

Tertullian (joined the Montanist Church)

736

198-220

-

-

-

-

-

A

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

E

-

Tertullian (joined Montanist church)

Tertullian’s 5 Books Against Marcion

194

207/8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Tertullian’s 5 Books Against Marcion

Bardaisan/Bardesan of Syria (heretical)

11 ½

-224/232

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Bardaisan/Bardesan of Syria (heretical)

Asterius Urbanus (against Montanists)

2 ¾

c.232

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Asterius Urbanus (against Montanists)

Elchasaite Ebionites (said Jesus God’s Son)

2 ¼

before 236

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Elchasaite Ebionites (said Jesus God’s Son)

Hippolytus, pupil of Irenaeus (undisputed)

218

222-235/6

A

-

-

-

Q

-

W

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

X

X

-

-

-

Hippolytus, pupil of Irenaeus (undisputed)

Maximin Thrax persecutes Christians

 

235-238

First empire-wide persecution, but only of clergy. Persecution stopped when his soldiers assassinated him.

Maximin Thrax persecutes Christians

Theodotus the probable Montanist

7 ¾

ca.240

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theodotus the probable Montanist

Instructions of Commodianus

16

c.240

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Instructions of Commodianus

Julius Africanus (undisputed writings)

9

232-245

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Julius Africanus (undisputed writings)

Alexander of Cappadocia (Clem. A’.s pupil)

¾

233-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Alexander of Cappadocia (Clem. A’.s pupil)

Origen (heterodox teacher)

742

225-254

W

A

m

-

-

W

W

-

-

Q

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Origen (heterodox teacher)

Severe persecution by Decius and Gallus

 

250-251 - 253

First Christian schism. Were Christians who sacrificed but repented eventually allowed back, or doomed forever (Novatian)?

Severe persecution by Decius and Gallus

Novatian (his schism lasted over 200 years)

38 ½

250/254-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Novatian (his schism lasted over 200 years)

Anonymous Treatise Against Novatian

6 ½

254-256

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Anonymous Treatise Against Novatian

Anonymous Treatise on Rebaptism

11

c.250-258

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Anonymous Treatise on Rebaptism

Cyprian of Carthage (against Novatian)

250 ¾

c.246-258

W

-

W

W

W

A

W

W

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Cyprian of Carthage (against Novatian)

Roman church leaders (ltr 2,29,30)

1 + 4 ¾

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Roman church leaders (ltr 2,29,30)

Caldonius to Cyprian (letter 18)

¾

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Caldonius to Cyprian (letter 18)

Celerinus to Lucian (letter 20)

1 ¼

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Celerinus to Lucian (letter 20)

Lucian to Celerinus (letter 21)

¾

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Lucian to Celerinus (letter 21)

Moyses, et al. to Cyprian (letter 25)

2 ½

250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Moyses, et al. to Cyprian (letter 25)

Cornelius to Cyprian (letters 45,47)

1 ¼

c.246-256

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Cornelius to Cyprian (Letters 45,47)

Maximus, et al. to Cyprian (ltr 49)

¼

c.246-256

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Maximus, et al. to Cyprian (ltr 49)

Firmilian of Caesarea to Cyprian (74)

7 ¼

256

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Firmilian of Caesarea to Cyprian (74)

Nemesianus, et al. to Cyprian (77)

¾

c.254-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Nemesianus, et al. to Cyprian (77)

Lucius and the brethren to Cyprian (78)

½

c.254-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Lucius and the brethren to Cyprian (78)

Felix & the rest of the martyrs to Cyprian (79)

¼

c.254-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Felix & the rest of the martyrs to Cyprian (79)

Seventh Council of Carthage (85 bishops)

7 ¼

258

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Seventh Council of Carthage (85 bishops)

Pontius’ The Life and Passion of Cyprian

7 ½

After 258

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pontius’ The Life and Passion of Cyprian

Valerian persecutes Christians

 

257-260

2nd most severe Roman persecution. Tolerant at first, but then general Macrianus influenced him. Stopped when Persian Shapur I captured him.

Valerian persecutes Christians

Theognostus of Alexandria (Origenist)

½

260

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theognostus of Alexandria (Origenist)

Gregory Thaumaturgus (undisputed works)

28 ½

240-265

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gregory Thaumaturgus (undisputed works)

Dionysius of Alexandria (Origenist)

39 ½

246-265

-

-

A

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Dionysius of Alexandria (Origenist)

Dionysius of Rome (Against the Sabellians)

1

259-269

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Dionysius of Rome (Against the Sabellians)

Malchion (Against Paul of Samosata)

2 ½

270

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Malchion (Against Paul of Samosata)

Aurelian Persecution

 

270

At first tolerant, Aurelian died soon after he decided to persecute Christians.

Aurelian Persecution

Paul of Samosata, deposed bishop of Antioch

 

260-272

Greedy, Adoptionist Monarchian. i.e. the Logos sentered into Jesus at baptism.

Paul of Samosata, deposed bishop of Antioch

Pierius of Alexandria (fragment)

½

275

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pierius of Alexandria (fragment)

Archelaus Disputation with Manes

58 ¾

262-278

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Archelaus Disputation with Manes

Anatolius of Alexandria (mathematician)

7 ½

270-280

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

Anatolius of Alexandria (mathematician)

Theonas of Alexandria (Letter to Lucianus)

3

282-300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theonas of Alexandria (bishop for 18 years)

Adamantius Dialog on the True Faith in God

42

c.300

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

possible allusion to 2 Enoch

Adamantius Dialog on the True Faith in God

Marcionite Megethius disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marcionite Megethius disputing Adamantius

Marcionite Marcus disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marcionite Marcus disputing Adamantius

Bardasene Marinus disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Bardasene Marinus disputing Adamantius

Valentinian Doserius disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Valentinian Doserius disputing Adamantius

Alexander of Lycopolis Of the Manichaeans

12

301

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Alexander of Lycopolis (ex-Manichaean)

Arnobius Against the Heathen (undisputed)

126 ½

297-303

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Plato’s Timaeus

Arnobius Against the Heathen (undisputed)

Victorinus of Petau, Austria (OT commentator)

18 ½

martyred 304

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Victorinus of Petau in Austria

King Tiridates III of Armenia

 

>287-300

At first persecuted Christians, then became one through Gregory the Illuminator

 

Most severe persecution was by Diocletian

 

284, 303-305

Est 5M Christians. Most severe Roman persecution of all. Leveled churches, destroyed scriptures. Killed many Christians for not sacrificing.

Most severe persecution was by Diocletian

Council of Elvira (21 undisputed canons)

c.1

306/307

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Elvira (21 undisputed canons)

Phileas of Thmuis/Tmai, Egyptian Delta

2 ½

beheaded 307

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Phileas of Thmuis/Tmai, Egyptian Delta

Pamphilus disciple of Pierius (Origenist)

2 ¾

martyred 309

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pamphilus disciple of Pierius (Origenist)

Peter of Alexandria (undisputed)

8 ½

306,285-311

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Peter of Alexandria (against Origen & Meletius)

Methodius (corrected Origen’s followers)

79 ½

270-311/312

-

W

W

W

A

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Methodius (corrected Origen’s followers)

Council of Ancyra (about 12 bishops)

3 1/3

314

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Ancyra (about 12 bishops)

Council of Neocaesarea (Basil and others)

1 1/3

c.315

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Neocaesarea (Basil and others)

Martyrdom of Habib the Deacon by Theophilus

5 ½

events c.315

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Martyrdom of Habib the Deacon by Theophilus

Athanasius Against The Heathen & Incarnation

56

318

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Athanasius Against The Heathen & Incarnation

Licinius tyrannizes Christians in the east

315-323

Persecution was political due to Christian support of his foe, Constantine. Constantine defeated him a few times from 314 to 324 AD.

Licinius tyrannizes Christians in the east

Lactantius, tutor of Constantine ’s son

305 ½

c.303-c.325

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

E

parts of Greek philosophy

Lactantius, tutor of Constantine ’s son

Alexander of Alexandria (Origenist, undisputed)

11 ½

313-326

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Alexander of Alexandria (Origenist, undisputed)

Christian writer totals: all symbols except P’s

4280½

up to 325

7-1

4-1

10-1

6-1

5-1

3-1

7-2

4-1

0-1

1-1

3-1

3½ -1

1½-1

0-1

0-1

0

0-1

0-1

0-1

2-1

6 e

 

Christian writer totals: all symbols except P’s

Arian heresy spreads, starting in Alexandria

 

c.318-523

Arians believed that Jesus was God, but not the same substance as the Father, and there was a time when Jesus was not.

 

Arial heresy spreads, starting in Alexandria

Constantine legalizes Christianity

 

324

Non-violently closed pagan temples so that his subjects would attend churches instead

 

Constantine legalizes Christianity

Council of Nicea condemns Arianism

3

325

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Nicea condemns Arianism

Juvencus (wrote a commentary: The Gospels)

 

329

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Juvencus (wrote a commentary: The Gospels)

In Persia, Shapur II  persecutes Christians

 

325-381

Persecution started once Christianity became the official Roman religion. Smaller countries became Christian and allied themselves with Rome.

In Persia, Shapur II  persecutes Christians

Eusebius of Caesarea (leader at Nicea)

c.404

318-339/340

Q

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Eusebius of Caesarea (present at Nicea)

Synod of Antioch in Encaeniis (97 bishops)

3 ½

341

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Synod of Antioch in Encaeniis

Mild Arian Creed of Antioch

1

c.341-344

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mild Arian Creed of Antioch

Council of Sardica (Greek) (church discipline)

5

343/344

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Sardica (Greek) (church discipline)

Aphrahat the Syrian, Select Demonstrations

67 ¼

337-345

-

-

-

½

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Aphrahat the Syrian, Select Demonstrations

The Macrostich Creed

2

344/345

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

The Macrostich Creed

Poem on the Passion of the Lord

1

315-350

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Poem on the Passion of the Lord

Vaticanus manuscript  [B]

 

325-350

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

~W

-

-

-

-

-

Vaticanus manuscript  (B)

Sinaiticus manuscript [Aleph]

 

340-350

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

W

 

~W

-

-

-

-

-

Sinaiticus manuscript

First Council of Sirmium (Greek creed)

1 ½

351

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

First Council of Sirmium (Greek creed)

Ammonas (a founder of monasticism)

 

340-348/53

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ammonas (a founder of monasticism)

Theodore of Heraclea

 

355

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Theodore of Heraclea

Council of Arminium, Nicene/Arian compromise

½

355

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Arminium, Nicene/Arian compromise

Synod of Seleucia in Isauria

1/5

357/358

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Synod of Seleucia in Isauria

Arian Roman Emperor Constantius

 

337-353-361

Orthodox bishops were banished, and Athanasius had to go into hiding.

 

Arian Roman Emperor Constantius

Arian Creed of Nica in Thrace

½

356-361

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Arian Creed of Nica (in Theodoret’s History)

Life of Antony (possibly by Athanasius)

26.5

356-362

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Life of Antony (possibly by Athanasius)

Arian Candidus’ Two Letters to Marius

c.4

359-362

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Arian Candidus’ Two Letters to Marius

Marius’s Reply to Candidus (partial)

c.8

359-362

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marius’s Reply to Candidus (partial)

Christians killed in Alexandria and Gaza

 

361-363

Emperor Julian the Apostate reigns for 18 months and shows some toleration, yet permits pagans to persecute Christians.

Christians killed in Alexandria and Gaza

Hilary of Poitiers (taught Martin of Tours)

230

355-367/368

-

-

S

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hilary of Poitiers (taught Martin of Tours)

Synopsis Scripturae Sacrae

 

350-370

E

E

E

E

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X No others

Synopsis Scripturae Sacrae

Arian Roman Valens kills Christians in east

 

370

Valens is finally killed in battle by the Goths, who had converted to Arianism, but never gained his favor

Arian Roman Valens kills Christians in east

Eusebius of Vercelli

 

died 370/371

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eusebius of Vercelli

Athanasius of Alexandria (partial)

424

367,325-373

E

E

E

E

W

-

W

-

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

X No others

Athanasius of Alexandria (partial)

Marcellus of Ancyra (Mt, etc.)

 

c.374

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marcellus of Ancyra (Mt, etc.)

Optatus of Milevis (converted by Augustine)

 

364-375

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Optatus of Milevis (converted by Augustine)

Athanaric persecutes Orthodox Visigoths

 

369-376

Athanaric first persecuted all Orthodox Christians and Arians, but after converting to Arianism persecuted only Orthodox Christians.

Athanaric persecutes Orthodox Visigoths

Ephraim/Ephrem, Syrian hymn-writer (partial)

162

345-378

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ephraim, Syrian hymn-writer, commentator

Basil of Cappadocia (Origenist) (partial)

326

357-378/379

-

W

Q

W

W

A

-

-

-

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Basil of Cappadocia (unafraid Arian Emperor)

Synod of Laodicea (in Phrygia)

4 ½

343-381

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Synod of Laodicea (in Phrygia)

Council of Gangra (vs. Eustastius of Sabaste)

1 1/3

345-381

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Gangra (vs. Eustastius of Sabaste)

First Council of Constantinople -150 bishops

3 ¾

381-382

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

First Council of Constantinople -150 bishops

Eunomius of Cyzicus -extreme Arian

c.8

c.360-383/394

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Eunomius of Cyzicus -extreme Arian

Cyril of Jerusalem (cross over Jerusalem)

154

c.349-386

-

-

W

Q

S

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Cyril of Jerusalem (fed poor from church funds)

Ambrose of Milan (against Arianism)

446 ¼

370-390

Q

W

S

W

S

W

W

-

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ambrose of Milan (against Arianism)

The Donatist Tyconius, Augustine’s opponent

 

After 390 A.D.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Donatist Tyconius, Augustine’s opponent

Gregory of Nazianzen (leader at Constant.)

275

330-391

-

S

Q

Q

A

A

A

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gregory of Nazianzen (leader at Constant.)

Pacian of Barcelona

c.23

342-379/392

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pacian of Barcelona

Amphilochius Iambi ad Seleucum

 

-394

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amphilochius Iambi ad Seleucum

Council of Constantinople, under Nectarius

1

394

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Constantinople, under Nectarius

Gregory of Nyssa (Origenist)

495

c.356-397

-

-

W

-

Q

A

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gregory of Nyssa (Origenist)

Didymus the Blind (Origenist)

 

398

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Didymus the Blind

Luciferian schism (Lucifer of Cagliari, Sardinia)

 

361-c.399

Orthodox beliefs, except would never accept back repentant Arian/Semi-Arian clergy

 

Luciferian schism (Lucifer of Cagliari)

Syriac Book of Steps (Liber Graduum)

c.189

350-400

 

-

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

Syriac Book of Steps (Liber Graduum)

Rufinus, translator in trouble

469

374-406

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Rufinus, translator in trouble

Rufinus’ Commentary on the Apostles Creed

21

374-406

E

E

E/S

E

S

-

-

-

-

X

X

E

E

E

E

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

Rufinus’ Commentary on the Apostles Creed

Jerome (pupil of Gregory Nazianzen) (partial)

~500

373-399

-

W

W

W

Q

Q

-

Q

-

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Jerome (pupil of Gregory Nazianzen) (partial)

Jerome later part of life (translated Vulgate)

~500

373-420

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

Jerome later part of life (translated Vulgate)

Sozomen’s Ecclesiastical History

89

370/380-425

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

E

-

Sozomen’s Ecclesiastical History

Freer Gospels ms. (Washingtonensis) [W]

 

300-450

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Freer Gospels (Washingtonensis) (W)

Macedonian and Priscillian Heresies

 

c.383, 385

Macedonians denied person of the Holy Spirit. Priscillian denied divinity of Christ and was executed in 385 A.D.. In 392 laws against paganism.

Macedonian and Priscillian Heresies

Damasus I of Rome (against Nica Creed)

2

c.386-389/384

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Damasus of 1 (in Theodoret’s History)

Sulpicius/Sulpitius Severus (pupil of Matrin)

116 ½

363-420

-

W

-

-

-

W

W

A

-

-

-

A

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

Sulpicius/Sulpitius Severus (pupil of Martin)

Council of Carthage (218 bishops)

39

393-419

W

W

I

I

X

-

-

-

X?

X?

X?

W

W

X

X

-

-

-

-

X

X

X

Council of Carthage (218 bishops)

Council of Constantinop le, under Nectarius

1

393

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

Council of Constantinople under Nectarius

Epiphanius of Salamis The Panarion part 1

c.117

360-403

-

-

Q

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Jubilees

Epiphanius of Salamis (ex-Jew, 80 heresies)

Gaudentius of Brescia

 

After 406

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gaudentius of Brescia

John Chrysostom (partial)

~3000

-407

Q

 

Q

Q

W

 

A

W

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

 

 

 

John Chrysostom (partial)

Chromatius

 

407

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chromatius

Asterius of Amasea

 

c.410

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Asterius of Amasea

Niceta of Remesianus

c.63

366-c.415

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Niceta of Remesianus

Orosius/Hosius of Braga (against Priscillian)

c.20

414-418

-

-

-

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Orosius/Hosius of Braga (against Priscillian)

Theodore of Mopsuestia (Pelagian)

c.94

392-423/429

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Jubilees

Theodore of Mopsuestia (Pelagian heretic)

Augustine of Hippo (pupil of Ambrose)

~4500

388-8/28/430

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

 

W

W

 

 

 

-

-

-

 

X

 

Augustine of Hippo (pupil of Ambrose)

Synesius of Ptolemais (Cyrene)

 

397-430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Synesius of Ptolemais (Cyrene)

John Cassian (Semi-Pelagian)

422 ½

419-430

-

-

W

S

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

John Cassian (Semi-Pelagian)

Nilus

 

c.430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nilus

Marcus of Eremita

 

After 430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marcus of Eremita

Council of Ephesus vs. Nestorians (200 bish.)

20

Jun-Sep 431

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Ephesus vs. Nestorians (200 b)

Vincent of Lerins

26

c.434

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Vincent of Lerins

Isidore of Pelusium (2,000 extant letters)

 

c.435

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Isidore of Pelusium (2,000 extant letters)

Acacius of Melitene

 

c.438

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acacius of Melitene

Socrates’ Ecclesiastical History

178

~400-439

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Socrates’ Ecclesiastical History

Persians fight Armenians and Georgians

 

449

Armenians and Georgians revolt after Yazdirg II tries to impose Zoroastrianism.

Persians fight Armenians and Georgians

Ephraemi Rescriptus manuscript [C]

 

375 or400-450

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ephraemi Rescriptus manuscript [C]

Nestorius’ Bazaar of Heracleides

c.128

451/452

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Nestorius’ Bazaar of Heracleides

Cyril of Alexandria

 

444

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cyril of Alexandria

Peter Chrysologus of Ravenna, Italy (vol.3 only)

179

c.433-c.450

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Peter Chrysologus of Ravenna, Italy (vol.3 only)

Quodvultdeus

 

c.453

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Quodvultdeus

Julian of Eclanum

 

c.454

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Julian of Eclanum

Theodoret of Cyrus (bishop & historian)

320

423-458

-

-

S

Q

Q

A

W

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theodoret of Cyrus (bishop & historian)

Many Christians killed in Persia, Armenia

 

420-460

Bishop Abdas burned down a Zoroastrian temple. After he refused to rebuild it with his own money, Christian churches burned.

Many Christians killed in Persia, Armenia

Patrick of Ireland (English missionary to Irish)

15

420-461

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Patrick of Ireland (English missionary to Irish)

Prosper of Aquitaine (foe of Cassian) - partial

c.12

426-465

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Prosper of Aquitaine (foe of Cassian) -partial

Pope Leo I of Rome (turned back Attila)

204

440-461

W

-

Q

W

-

-

½

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pope Leo I of Rome (against Monophysites)

Alexandrinus (Mt 25:7-Rev with gaps

 

c.450

W

W

-?

W

-

W

W

W

-

W

-

W

W

W

W

 

~W

-

-

-

-

Ps of Solomon

Alexandrinus manuscript (A)

Council of Chalcedon vs. Monophysites

18

451

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Chalcedon vs. Monophysites

Oecumenius of Isauria

 

5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oecumenius of Isauria

Sharahb’il Yakuf kills Ethiopian Christians

 

c.472

Christian missionary Azqir among those killed.

Sharahb’il Yakuf kills Ethiopian Christians

Varimadum

 

445/480

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Varimadum

What has been called the Athanasian Creed

1

447/484

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

What has been called the Athanasian Creed

Vigilius

 

484

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vigilius

Arians persecute Christians in Algeria

 

484

Arian Visigoth Hunneric persecutes Orthodox Christians in Tipasa, Algeria.

Arians persecute Christians in Algeria

Gennadius/Jerome Lives of Illustrious Men

40

480-495

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gennadius/Jerome Lives of Illustrious Men

Jacob of Serug/Sarug (Mar Jacob) (partial)

9

519-521

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Jacob of Serug/Sarug (Mar Jacob) (partial)

Arians persecute Christians in North Africa

 

499-523

Arian Visigoth King Thrasimund persecutes Orthodox in Carthage and North Africa until his death.

Arians persecute Christians in North Africa

Dhu Nuwas persecutes Christians in Yemen

 

523-524

Jewish Yemeni king Yusuf As’ar Dhu Nuwas persecuted Christians in Yemen and Najran because the Byzantines were persecuting Jews.

Dhu Nuwas persecutes Christians in Yemen

Benedict of Nursia Rule of St. Benedict

 

ca.480-540

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Caesarius of Arles

 

469/470-542

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Constantinople II (c.153 present) condemns Nestorius, Origen & admirers

13

553

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Constantinople II (c.153 present) condemns Nestorius & Origen & admirers

M. Aurelius Cassiodorus

 

-560

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

M. Aurelius Cassiodorus

Gildas

 

c.570

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gildas

Byzantines persecute Egyptian Copts

 

527-568, 572

Copts are Monophysites. Monophysites taught Jesus’ humanity and divinity are combined in one nature like a teaspoon of tea in the ocean.

Byzantines persecute Egyptian Copts

Evagrius Scholasticus, church historian

 

593

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gregory of Rome, Doctor of the Church (partial)

239 ½

590-605

W

-

Q

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gregory of Rome, Doctor of the Church (partial)

Venantius’ Poem on Easter

1 ½

Lived c.530-609

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Venantius’ Poem on Easter

John of Damascus

100½

706-749

-

-

W

W

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

John of Damascus

Waldenses, Scholastics, Mystics, Wycliffe, Medieval Catholic Church

-

c.1000-1526

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

X

Waldenses, Scholastics, Mystics, Wycliffe, Medieval Catholic and Orthodox churches

Ulrich Zwingli, Swiss Reformer

 

1454-1531

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Ulrich Zwingli, Swiss Reformer

Martin Luther (founder of Lutheranism)

 

1483-1546

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Martin Luther (founder of Lutheranism)

Catholic Cardinal Cajetan (Luther’s time)

 

1494-1534

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Catholic Cardinal Cajetan (Luther’s time)

Catholic

-

-present

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

 

X

X

X

X

X

X

Catholic

Greek Orthodox

 

-present

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

m

 

W

-

X

X

X

X

Greek Orthodox

Slavonic Orthodox

 

-present

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

 

W

-

-

 

X

X

Slavonic Orthodox

Nestorian Churches (Syriac)

 

430-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

W

W

 

X

 

Nestorian Churches (Syriac)

Coptic Churches

 

-present

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

X

X

W

W

X

X

W

W

X

X

X

X

X

Coptic Churches

Original 1611 King James Bible

 

1611

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

X

X

W

X

X

X

X

X

X

Original King James Bible

Protestant

 

-present

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Protestant

Writer

Pages

Date A.D.

Tobit

Ju-dith

Wis-dom

Ecclus

Baruch

Bel

Susan

3 Holy

Manas

3 Esdra

4 Esdr

1 Mac

2 Mac

3 Mac

4 Mac

Add Esth

Ps 151

Ps 152-3

Ps 154-5

1 En och

Sibyl

+ mention of other books

Writer

* Note that Origen referred to the Wisdom of Solomon, but said that some do not consider it scripture.

www.Biblequery.org/Bible/BibleCanon/EarlyChristianApocryphaGrid.htm. References at www.Biblequery.org/Bible/bibleCanon/EarlyChristianApocryphaGridReferences.htm

 


 

Nobody considered that the prophecies of the Sibyl / Sibylline Oracles should be in the Old or New Testament. But these sayings, prior to Christ, were often compatible with a Judeo-Christian worldview, and were considered by some Christians as glimpses of truth God revealed to pagans prior to them knowing the scriptures.

 

STILL TO DO: Cyril of Jerusalem (4 entries), Sozomen’s Ecclesiastical History, Epiphanius of Salamis, Socrates’ Ecclesiastical History, Gregory Nazianzus, Gregory of Nyssa, Socrates, John Chrysostom (9 entries), Theodore of Mopsuestia, Nestorian Churches, Waldenses, Zwingli